Incoherent beam-beam tune shifts in the LHC

The LHC model has been studied in collision with 4- and 
6-dimensional beam-beam elements. Orbit effects, tune 
footprints, and emittance behaviour are shown for different
crossing angles (horizontal, vertical, large, small),
without and with pacman-effect. The most favourable results
lead to the definition of a "nominal" collision machine.